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CLA

Linoleic Acid Supplements May Help Dieting Adults Keep weight off – (09-29-00)

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Linoleic Acid Supplements May Help Dieting Adults Keep weight off

The article suggests that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may help dieters keep weight off. What the article doesn’t mention is that CLA acts as a PPAR-gamma agonist, much like the fancy new Type 2 diabetic drugs. Knowing that controlling insulin sensitivity is important for controlling weight, this seem like a logical mechanism by which the CLA works.
The results of two new studies presented at the annual meeting of the American Chemical Society on Sunday suggest that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may help obese people temporarily lose weight and help them keep the weight off after dieting. Dr. Pariza and his colleagues at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, administered 3g of CLA to 35 obese adults each day and placebo to another 36 obese adults. Each of the patients in the double-blind study also followed a light exercise program and a diet program. All patients lost an average of about 5 lb. over the next 6 months. But in the third of patients who gained lean body mass, the researchers found that those who took placebo regained fat and muscle in a normal 3-to-1 ratio, while those who took CLA regained weight in a 1-to-1 ratio. “CLA could help people avoid the yo-yo effect that is so common” after weight loss, Dr. Pariza said. His research was funded in part by companies that sell CLA to dietary supplement manufacturers. Investigators cannot be sure that CLA was directly responsible for the weight loss, but “there is an indication” that it was, Dr. Ola Gudmundsen said in a statement at the meeting. The investigators stressed that CLA-containing products sold in health food stores are highly variable in their quality. Some products claiming to contain CLA have been found to contain none at all.

CLA reduced abdominal adipose tissue in the metabolic syndrome – (09-02-01)

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CLA reduced abdominal adipose tissue in the metabolic syndrome

Remember that CLA (conjugated linoleic acid) has a PPAR-gamma ligand effect, much like the new hotshot diabetes drugs (without the potential hepatic toxicity…). This study strongly supports the idea the CLA is another tool for the management of insulin resistance.

International Journal of Obesity abstract

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Body Fat Mass – (01-18-01)

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Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Body Fat Mass

Based on the evidence that CLA is a PPAR-gamma ligand, much like the fancy new diabetic drugs, its effect on body mass is no great surprise. By improving insulin sensitivity, we will prevent the damage occurring to the body from elevated insulin levels. The only problem I do have with CLA is its natural source–meat, dairy and eggs. Quite a confrontation of beliefs, huh?

J Nutr 2000;130:2943-2948 Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces body fat mass, according to a report in the December issue of the Journal of nutrition. CLA is a fatty acid found in dairy products, beef, poultry and eggs. Dr. Ola Gudmundsen, of Scandinavian Clinical research, Kjeller, Norway, and colleagues note that CLA has previously been shown to reduce body fat mass in animals. To assess the dose-response relationship of CLA with regard to body fat mass in humans, they conducted a randomized, double-blind study of 60 overweight or obese subjects (body mass index 25 to 35 kg/meters squared). The investigators report that the subjects received either placebo (9 g olive oil) or 1.7, 3.4, 5.1, or 6.8 g of CLA per day for 12 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure body composition at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks. According to the report, 47 subjects completed the study. “Eight subjects withdrew from the study due to adverse events; however, no differences among treatment groups were found regarding adverse events,” the team says. Further, they observed no significant differences among the groups in lean body mass, body mass index, blood safety variables, or blood lipids. “Repeated-measures analysis showed that a significantly higher reduction in body fat mass was found in the CLA groups compared with the placebo group,” the researchers say. Further, they add, “the reduction of body fat within the groups was significant for the 3.4 g and 6.8 g CLA groups.”

L-Arginine Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients – (06-25-01)

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L-Arginine Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

We know have so many tools in the natural arsenal against diabetes. Exercise, CLA, whole grains, chromium, vanadium…now arginine. The list is solid enough to wonder why every primary care provider does not use these tools as a first line of defense.

Dia Care — Abstracts: Piatti et al. 24 (5): 875

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CLA Causes Isomer-Dependent Oxidative Stress and Elevated CRP – (10-10-02)

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CLA Causes Isomer-Dependent Oxidative Stress and Elevated CRP

Before you run for your biochemistry book, let me give you a quick refresher. Conjugated linoleic acid has two main forms: t10c12 and t9c11. These are pretty evenly mixed in most commercial preparations of CLA. However, negative side effects such as fatty liver have been observed with its use. This study and others point the finger at the t10c12 isomer as the main culprit. What does this mean? Nothing right now, but keep an eye out for preparations with only the t9c11 isomer in the future.

Circulation — Abstracts: Risérus et al. 106 (15): 1925

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CLA Blocks Estrogen Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Cells – (03-01-04)

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CLA Blocks Estrogen Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Cells

We have been seeing some mixed results on whether CLA has the same beneficial effects in the human body as we see in the lab. Personally, I do believe that CLA will be shown to be a safe and effective natural therapeutic agent for insulin sensitizing as well as preventing certain types of cancer.

Nutrition.org — Abstracts: Tanmahasamut et al. 134 (3): 674 –

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CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID LOWERS CANCER RATES – (11-30-03)

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Conjugated Linoleic Acid Inhibits Cell Proliferation through a p53-Dependent Mechanism

Remember that CLA is formed in ruminent animals by the action of gut bacteria on certain fatty acids (NOT from the typical “corn-fed” diet of todays’ livestock). This would mean that, in the past, CLA levels were high in the milk and meat of livestock. However, with todays’ poor farming habits, CLA levels are virtually gone. CLA has an action similiar to the licorice noted above–affects PPAR-gamma receptor sites, and as such has a broad spectrum beneficial effect on health. We already know CLA lowers certain cancer rates–now researchers are starting to work towards the “how” portion of the puzzle.

nutrition.org — Abstracts: Kemp et al. 133 (11): 3670.

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ZINC IS A COFACTOR TO PRODUCE ANTI INFLAMMATORY COMPOUNDS – (07-16-04)

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PPAR gamma and delta Require Zinc for Their Anti-inflammatory Properties

PPAR nuclear orphan receptors are still somewhat cutting edge in the research and we are only now beginning to fully understand their role in our health. Some of the new high powered (and liver damaging…) diabetic drugs act on this pathway. This porcine studied adds another important role for zinc as a co-factor for this pathway to produce its anti-inflammatory compounds. Remember also that CLA and EFAs act on this pathway, so supplementation of zinc along with these two supplements might bring about even better results.

Nutrition.org — Abstracts: Reiterer et al. 134 (7): 1711 –

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